Journal of Aquatic Ecology

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In this study, the effect of dietary supplementation with mineral and Nano forms of two essential elements, iron and copper was investigated on the blood biochemical profile, antioxidant, and immunity performance of Schizothorax Zarudnyi with an average weight of 23.97±0.45 g. The fish were fed with diets containing (1)  no copper and iron supplement (basal diet), (2) 150 mg/kg of mineral iron supplement, (3) 3 mg/kg of mineral copper supplement, (4) 150 and 3 mg/kg of iron and mineral copper supplement respectively, (5) 150 mg/kg of iron nanoparticle supplement, (6) 3 mg/kg of copper nanoparticle supplement, and (7) 150 and 3 mg/kg of iron nanoparticles and copper nanoparticle supplement, respectively for 60 days. Dietary addition of iron and copper in both forms improved blood biochemical profile, antioxidant, and immunity performance compared to the control. The addition of Nano form led to significant improvement in blood parameters and antioxidant defense system compared to the mineral-fed treatments. The simultaneous use of the Nano form of these two elements led to a significant improvement in serum total protein, albumin, globulin, HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride, MDA, GPx, SOD, CAT, C3, ACH50, and serum bactericidal activity compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the simultaneous use of iron and copper at the rate of 150 and 3 mg/kg of diet in Nano form is much more effective than their mineral or individual Nano forms to improve the antioxidant and immune parameters of S. Zarudnyi.

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The present study aimed to determine the sensitive habitats and reproductive status of hawksbill turtles in Shidvar international wetland in Hormozgan province from March to June 2019. During the study 61 turtles were biometry. According to the beaches monitoring, the northern and eastern parts of Shidvar Island were identified as sensitive nesting habitats with a total of about 1,700 meters were determined. Most nesting turtles were observed from 15 April to the end of May. The results showed that mean CCL and CCW were 72.757±4.7 cm, and 66.303±2.6 cm, respectively, and the mean total number of eggs were 86.2±19.2, mean of normal and abnormal eggs were 72.2 ±19.2 and 14.2±13.2, mean of normal egg diameter and weight were 36.92±2.2 mm and 31.2±3.2gr, and mean of abnormal egg diameter and weight were 22.2±11.2 mm and 8.2±7.2gr. The mean of hatchling length, width, and weight were 37.17 ±0.49, 29.77±2.52 mm, and 13.5±0.51gr. The incubation period and hatching percentages were 64.3 days and 53.2%.  Comparing biological factors in the Shidvar area with other laying areas all over the world showed that the hawksbill turtle in the study area is smaller than others in the world. But the diameter and weight of eggs are no different from others in the world.

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This research was aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals (including copper, vanadium, lead, and nickel) in water, sediment, muscle, and liver tissues of Sillago sihama living in the Khour-e-Mousa, Khuzestan province. Samples were picked randomly from three stations during winter and summer and the concentration of heavy metals was measured using atomic absorption spectrometry (flame and flameless GF AAS). Based on the results, the bioaccumulation index (BI) of liver tissue for these four elements was measured 183.33, 0.05, 0.29, and 2.35 in winter, and 21.7, 0.07, 0.25, and 1.05 in summer, respectively. Moreover, the BI for muscles was measured 130, 0.02, 0.07, and 1.45 in winter and 18.3, 0.02, 0.07, and 0.49, in summer, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant linear relationship between the concentration of heavy metals in sediment with their accumulation rate in muscle and liver tissues of Silver sillago. According to the results of this study, the ecological risk potential index (RI) was however rated low at the ecological risk range, since, Khour-e-Mousa is known as one of the most sensitive ecological and environmental areas and there are signs of an increasing trend of metal pollution. It raises serious concerns for the region in terms of ecology and public health.

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In this study, we examined the effect of herbal medicine Hemolax in neutralizing of 5 mg/lit glyphosate poison in the liver of zebrafish, Danio rerio. We also examined the combined effects of poison and Hemolax as well as the effects of each drug separately for 10 days in Zebrafish. This experiment was designed in five treatments and three replications. According to the results of liver tissue, histopathological effects in the drug–toxin treatments were less than the groups that were consumed the drugs.

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Deltas of Rud-e-Shur, Rud-e-Shirin and Rud-e-Minab, consisting of mangroves and coastal mudflats, is one of the most important bird habitats on the shores of the Persian Gulf and are protected as an international wetland. In this study, a list of weland birds was prepared based on the data of the results of the semi-winter census of waterbirds, expert reports and field studies. Also, the trend of changes in the waterbird population in the period of 1988-2021 was calculated using the TRIM statistical package with the possibility of application in R ver3.6.3 software called RTRIM. The results showed that, a total of 156 species of 97 genera, 45 families and 18 orders including 98 species of waterbirds, 21 species of prey and 37 species of terrestrial species were identified. The population of waterbirds has a strong increase with a slope of 7.7% per year. In the last ten years, a moderate decline in population has been recorded with a slope of -4.1% per year. The average population of waterbirds in the wetland was 15,479 ± 2,669 and the average number of species was 41.6 ± 3.39. The largest population was in 2019 with 54,356 individuals and the highest number of species was in 2005 with 64 species. Although annual population fluctuations and diversity depended on census-related factors such as program support, bird-watching tools, number of sites, census coverage levels, and the experience of bird counters, the impact of habitat threats such as overfishing aquaculture and the increase in environmental pollution have also increased in recent years. A program to increase stakeholder awareness and strengthen participatory conservation can be effective in reducing wetland threats.